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Day 12 of 365 · Beginner · Month 1: First steps

Levers, buttons and lights

Levers and switches report Open, buttons report Activate for a short moment – and lights go on and off with On.

Lesson 9 min Week 2

What you learn today

  • Read levers and switches
  • Detect a button press via Activate
  • Switch lights

A chip that only measures is deaf. By the time you get to the hallway light you want a say yourself. That is what levers, switches and buttons are for. They need no power and only hang on the data network.

Levers and switches: Open

Lever (StructureLogicSwitch) and switch (StructureLogicSwitch2) report their position in Open: 1 means flipped, 0 means not flipped.

l r0 d0 Open       # lever flipped?
s d1 On r0         # light follows the lever

If you need the opposite, such as an emergency light that is on as long as the lever is not flipped, compute 1 − Open:

sub r1 1 r0        # 1 becomes 0, 0 becomes 1
s d2 On r1
Tip

s d0 Lock 1 locks a lever. Then nobody can flip it by hand any more – handy for switches only the chip should operate.

Lights: On

Wall light (StructureWallLight), flashing light (StructureFlashingLight) and the round lights are switched with On. Whether they really get power is told by Power: 1 means supplied. A light with On = 1 and Power = 0 stays dark.

Buttons: Activate

The button (StructureLogicButton) works differently. When you press it, Activate jumps to 1 – but only for a little over half a second, then the value drops back to 0 on its own. While it is still 1, the button cannot be pressed again.

l r2 d3 Activate   # 1 only at the moment someone presses
Warning

Half a second is about one tick. A program that runs only once misses almost every button press. Only with the main loop from week 3 does the chip read the button every tick and catch it reliably.

What you can build now

With lever, light and the math instructions you can already build small circuits: light on, emergency light off, display at 1. Every program still runs only once. If you flip the lever after the chip is done, nothing happens – that changes in week 3.

Exercise

Task

A lever is attached to d0, the hallway light to d1 and an emergency light to d2.

  • The hallway light is on when the lever is flipped.
  • The emergency light is on exactly when the lever is not flipped.

Hints

Hint 1

The lever's position is in Open.

Hint 2

The opposite of 0/1: sub r1 1 r0.

Quiz

5 questions. You pass from 60 % – the server does the grading.

Complete the day

  • Passed the simulator exercise
  • Passed the quiz with at least 60 %

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