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Day 214 of 365 · Pro · Month 8: Production

The advanced furnace

The advanced furnace meters gas itself: SettingInput lets fuel in, SettingOutput removes exhaust. Two P controllers hold the tight window of a superalloy.

Lesson 22 min Week 31

What you learn today

  • Own inlets and outlets
  • Use Setting
  • Remove exhaust

Hastelloy wants 950 to 1,000 K and 25,000 to 30,000 kPa – a window of only 50 Kelvin. With simple pumps and hysteresis the furnace easily swings beyond it. The advanced furnace brings its own inlets and outlets that the chip can meter finely.

What sets it apart

StructureAdvancedFurnace (advanced furnace) needs power (100 W, plus up to 100 W per valve, the further it is open) and has On. On top of that two valves of its own:

LogicTypeMeaning
SettingInputlitres per tick flowing from the input pipe into the furnace (0–100)
SettingOutputlitres per tick going as gas into the output pipe (and as liquid into the liquid output) (0–100)
Settingthe same as SettingOutput

You know everything else from the simple furnace: Temperature, Pressure, RecipeHash, Open, Activate, Combustion – and Mode as a mere display. And only here do the superalloys succeed. They are dearer too: a superalloy ingot needs 4 units of melt, every other ingot only 1.

Using Setting: two P controllers

Instead of on and off, the chip sets the valves proportionally to the deviation – as with the P controller:

sub outflow press P_SET
mul outflow outflow KP
clamp outflow outflow 0 LITRE_MAX

If the pressure is 2,500 kPa above the target, the outlet opens to 2,500 · 0.02 = 50 litres per tick. If it is below, the value turns negative and clamp makes 0 of it. The same holds the other way round for the temperature: the colder, the more fuel.

clamp matters here: the valves only know 0 to 100. A P controller without a limit would write nonsense at a large deviation.

Removing the exhaust

The outlet pushes furnace gas into the output line. That line has to be able to take it – if it leads into a full tank, pressure builds up in the furnace despite the open outlet. Plan the exhaust line with a tank or a vent to the outside, and keep an eye on its pressure.

Tip

KP and KT are starting values. If the furnace oscillates around the target, they are too large; if it never arrives, too small. Halve or double them and watch for a few minutes – as with tuning a controller.

For the window a light reports whether all four limits are kept. A second light reports when the furnace can no longer be reached.

sge window temp T_MIN
sle tmp temp T_MAX
and window window tmp

Exercise

Task

Control the advanced furnace “Ofen” for Hastelloy. SettingOutput = (pressure − 27500) · 0.02, SettingInput = (975 − temperature) · 2, both limited to 0 to 100. It ignites when SettingInput is above 0 and nothing is burning. The light “Fenster” shows 950–1000 K and 25000–30000 kPa, the light “Ofenfehler” a missing furnace.

Hints

Hint 1

Outlet: sub, mul with KP, clamp … 0 LITRE_MAX, then write SettingOutput.

Hint 2

Inlet: sub inflow T_SET temp – target minus actual, so it turns positive when cold.

Hint 3

Window: four comparisons with sge/sle, all combined with and.

Quiz

4 questions. You pass from 60 % – the server does the grading.

Complete the day

  • Passed the simulator exercise
  • Passed the quiz with at least 60 %

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